Bronchial Artery Embolization for Hemoptysis: Two Cases of Primary Bronchial Artery Racemose Hemangioma

Authors

  • Yingying Wang Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University (Yanbian Hospital), Yanji, Jilin
  • Dongxu Kang Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University (Yanbian Hospital), Yanji, Jilin
  • Hao Jiang Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University (Yanbian Hospital), Yanji, Jilin
  • Meiqi Yang Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University (Yanbian Hospital), Yanji, Jilin
  • Qiang Xu Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University (Yanbian Hospital), Yanji, Jilin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3941/jrcr.6147

Abstract

We report two cases of primary bronchial artery racemose hemangioma (RHBA) in female patients presenting with hemoptysis as the dominant manifestation complicated by hemodynamic instability. Following a multidisciplinary team (MDT) consensus, bronchial artery embolization (BAE) was implemented as the primary intervention. Procedural success was achieved in both cases, resulting in the complete resolution of hemoptysis and hemodynamic stabilization. Postprocedural surveillance demonstrated sustained efficacy without recurrence during the follow-up period. This study validated BAE as an effective and safe first-line therapeutic approach for RHBA while further investigating the correlation between the embolization strategy and long-term clinical outcomes.

BAE treatment for RHBA. (A) Initial contrast-enhanced thoracic CT: Hyperdense right pleural effusion (41-58 HU) in posterior mediastinum and right hemithorax. Tortuous, dilated, and disorganized vascular structures in posterior mediastinum and right hilum. (B) DSA: Long-segment aneurysmal dilatation of right bronchial artery. Terminal contrast extravasation with disorganized vascular bed. (C) Postembolization thoracic aortography (subtraction technique): Proximal coil embolization of superior RHBA. Two persistent hypertrophied bronchial arteries supplying hemorrhage territory. (D) Embolization of inferior RHBA: Proximal coil deployment with gelatin sponge augmentation. Visible communicating branch (arrowhead). (E) Post-communicating branch embolization: Coil occlusion of communicating branch (white arrow). Abnormal vascular blush in middle RHBA (black arrow). (F) Final embolization outcome: Proximal coil deployment in middle RHBA. "Stumplike" occlusion of all three RHBAs. Complete resolution of abnormal vascular blush.(G) 12-day follow-up non-contrast CT: Interval resolution of bilateral pulmonary opacities. Significant reduction in right pleural effusion. Improved re-expansion of right lower lobe.

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Published

2026-06-15

Issue

2026: Articles in Press

Section

Interventional Radiology

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